【WPMの測定手順】
1. 読む前に設問を確認する
2. 時計(ストップウォッチ)を見ながら、英文を最初から最後まで読み、かかった秒数を記録する
3. 設問に解答する
4. 答え合わせをして正解数を確認する
以下の計算式でWPMを算出する
WPM = 語数 ÷ 読むのにかかった秒数 × 60 × 正解数 ÷ 設問数
※読んだ内容の理解を測定せずただ英文を読むスピードをチェックしたい場合は、WPM = 語数 ÷ 読むのにかかった秒数 × 60 まででOK。
Chewing Gum Releases Hundreds of Microplastics
Chewing just one piece of gum can release hundreds or even thousands of microplastics into saliva, a new study reveals. This experimental research was presented at an American Chemical Society conference in San Diego, California. The findings are under peer review and expected to be published later this year in the Journal of Hazardous Materials Letters.
Microplastics are small polymer fragments ranging from under 5 millimeters to as tiny as 1 micrometer. Smaller particles are classified as nanoplastics, measured in nanometers, or billionths of a meter.
Polymers consist of repeating units called monomers, forming long molecular chains. They are valued for durability and flexibility. Plastics typically consist of synthetic polymers, although natural polymers like cellulose from plants also exist. Chewing gum commonly contains polymers—either synthetic or natural—to improve texture, elasticity, and lasting flavor.
Previous research found microplastics can enter the body through ingestion or inhalation, appearing in blood, lungs, placenta, brain, and testes. Researchers aimed to identify pathways and measure microplastic concentration.
Gum was selected as it uniquely includes plastic polymers, unlike other foods that usually get contaminated through processing or packaging. This study is the first to compare microplastic release in commercially available gums.
Researchers analyzed ten popular gum brands in the U.S., half synthetic and half natural. Participants chewed gum for four minutes, collecting saliva samples every 30 seconds. On average, about 100 microplastics per gram were released, with some gums releasing up to 637 microplastics per gram. Surprisingly, natural gum released nearly the same amount—96 microplastics per gram compared to synthetic gum’s 104. (265 words)
☆Answer the questions☆
(1) How many microplastics are typically released per gram of chewing gum?
a) 10 b) 50 c) 100 d) 500
(2) What are polymers known for?
a) Being fragile b) Durability and flexibility c) Melting easily d) Short-lasting flavor
(3) Why was chewing gum specifically chosen for this study?
a) It tastes better b) It uniquely contains plastic polymers c) It is cheap d) It’s popular among children
(4) What surprised the researchers?
a) Synthetic gum was healthier b) Natural gum released significantly fewer microplastics c) Natural gum released almost as many microplastics as synthetic gum d) People chewed gum for a long time

【Answer】